Difference between Retinol and Tretinoin: Which Vitamin A Is Right for You from Dermatologists?

As we get older, there are several changes that happen to our skin. Collagen production slows down, causing fine lines and loss of firmness. Cell turnover decreases, meaning dead skin cells linger longer on the surface, creating dullness and uneven texture. Sun damage accumulates, leading to pigmentation and age spots. Pores can also appear larger as skin loses elasticity. All of this is a normal part of ageing

One of the most talked about ingredients for treating these skin concerns is retinol and tretinoin, and is often described by dermatologists as the “gold standard of skincare” thanks to its clinically proven benefits at improving skin health. 

Retinol is one type of vitamin A, but there are many others also used in skincare, too. Retinaldehyde and retinoic acid are also commonly found, but do you know the difference between retinol and tretinoin? 

At our West London clinic, our dermatologists are very experienced in prescribing retinols and regularly answer questions from patients about over-the-counter retinol products. 

Here’s why they work, which one is right for your skin and how to safely use it within your own skincare routine.

Retinol: The Over-the-Counter Option

Retinol is available without a prescription and is very common in skincare products. It’s much gentler than prescription vitamin A products, but it’s also slower to show results.

Best for: beginners to vitamin A, those with sensitive skin, or anyone wanting gradual improvement without medical supervision. You’ll typically start to see results in three months with consistent use, and it often comes in the form of creams or oils from affordable and luxury brands like La Roche-Posay, CeraVe and Medik8. Non-prescription concentrations typically range from 0.25% to 1%.

Retinaldehyde: The Middle Ground

Retinaldehyde (also often called retinal for short) sits between retinol and prescription retinoic acid. It’s stronger than retinol, weaker than retinoic acid, but typically better tolerated. 

Best for: people who’ve used retinol successfully but want faster, stronger results without the commitment of a prescription. It’s less common than retinol products, but there are still options available from brands such as Medik8, Avène or Murad.  

Retinoic Acid: The Prescription Treatment

Retinoic acid, better known as tretinoin or Retin-A, is the most effective vitamin A derivative, but also the most likely to cause irritation, dryness, and peeling, especially when you first start using it.

Best for: stubborn signs of ageing, significant sun damage, acne or when you want maximum results and are willing to work through an adjustment period under dermatologist supervision. It’s prescription only, and something we offer here at No. 23 Skin. 

Book a consultation with one of our dermatologists, and we can assess your skin, prescribe the appropriate strength, and guide you through the process to minimise irritation while maximising results in a calm, judgement-free space. 

How To Use Different Retinols or Tretinoins Safely 

If you’re seeing fine lines, pigmentation or texture changes and want to do something about it, vitamin A can deliver significant improvements.

If you’ve never used vitamin A before, start with retinol. Apply a pea-sized amount to clean, dry skin in the evenings (not the morning), 2-3 times a week, followed by your moisturiser to reduce any dryness. If your skin tolerates it well with no irritation, increase how often you use it. 

Your skin needs time to adapt, and using too much, too often can lead to redness, peeling, and frustration. 

Minimal irritation is normal and can be mild flaking or sensitivity in the first few weeks, which should settle. However, if you experience severe irritation, burning, or if your skin becomes extremely red and sore, stop using it or consult a dermatologist.

Lastly, always wear SPF50+ daily. Vitamin A makes skin more sun-sensitive, and you’ll undo all the benefits it can provide if you’re not protecting it from UV damage.

The bottom line is that retinol works well for beginners. Retinaldehyde offers a stronger non-prescription option, and retinoic acid delivers maximum results under professional guidance. 

All three work, but the right choice depends on your skin tolerance and goals.

Still Not Sure? 

If you’re unsure the difference between retinol and tretinoin, what is right for you, or if over-the-counter options aren’t delivering the results you want, book a consultation with us at No23. Skin clinic.

We’ll assess your skin and create a personalised plan, whether that’s prescription tretinoin or guidance on optimising your current routine, with no pressure and full transparency.

We’re experts, but firt and foremost, we’re human and love chatting about skin – call us for a chat on 0203 9411815 or book online, we’re based in West London and just a short walk from High Street Kensington. 

Helen
CoFounder
No. 23 Skin

02039411815

NB: whilst we make every effort to ensure our information is accurate and correct, please consult a doctor or your dermatologist (or us!) if you need support as everyone’s skin is different.